Energy and environment ministers from the Group of 20 wealthy nations have failed to agree on the wording of crucial climate change commitments in their final communique, Italy’s Ecological Transition Minister Roberto Cingolani said on July 23, Reuters reports.
The G20 ministers failed to reach an agreement in Naples on a common goal – to prevent warming by more than 1.5 degrees by 2030.
This follows a declaration issued in Italy, where environment ministers and G-20 energy ministers attended a two-day climate meeting.
Several countries did not support the adoption of the target. Negotiations turned out to be complicated.
The countries also failed to agree to abandon the use of coal in energy until 2025.
Patricia Espinosa, executive secretary of the UN Framework Convention on Climate Change, said the G20 was responsible for 80% of all global emissions from climate change.
The G20 meeting was seen as a decisive step ahead of United Nations climate talks, known as COP 26, which take place in 100 days in Glasgow in November.
The failure to agree on common language ahead of that gathering is likely to be seen as a setback to hopes of securing a meaningful accord in Scotland.
Cingolani told reporters that the ministers could not agree on two disputed issues, which would now have to be discussed at a G20 summit in Rome in October.
“Commitments made today lack substance and ambition. It is now up to G20 heads of state and government to discard this document at the October leaders’ summit,” said online activist network Avaaz.
Italy holds the rotating presidency of the G20, and Cingolani, as chairman of the two-day gathering, said negotiations with China, Russia, and India had proved especially tough.
Cingolani said that in the end, China and India had declined to sign the two contested points.
One of these was phasing out coal power, which most countries wanted to achieve by 2025, but some said would be impossible for them.
The other concerned the wording surrounding a 1.5-2 degree Celsius limit on global temperature increases that the 2015 Paris Agreement set.
Average global temperatures have already risen by more than 1 degree compared to the pre-industrial baseline used by scientists and are on track to exceed the 1.5-2 degree ceiling.
“Some countries wanted to go faster than what was agreed in Paris and to aim to cap temperatures at 1.5 degrees within a decade, but others, with more carbon-based economies, said let’s just stick to what was agreed in Paris,” Cingolani said.
The final communique, which had been due to be published on July 23, would probably not now be released until July 24, he added.
Ahead of COP 26, environmental activists had hoped that the G20 gathering would strengthen climate targets, new commitments on climate financing, and an increase in countries committing to net zero emissions by 2050.
“The G20 is failing to deliver. Italy’s G20 tagline is ‘People, Planet, Prosperity,’ but today, the G20 is delivering ‘Pollution, Poverty, and Paralysis,” said Avaaz.
Cingolani said the G20 had made no new financial commitments but added that Italy would increase its own climate financing for underdeveloped countries.
The urgency of climate action has been brought home this month by deadly floods in Europe, fires in the United States, and sweltering temperatures in Siberia. Still, countries remain at odds over how to pay for costly policies to reduce global warming.
Despite the two points of disagreement, Cingolani said the G20 had put together a 58-point communique and that all the countries agreed that decarbonization was a necessary goal.
“This is the first time that the G20 has accepted that climate and energy policies are closely interconnected,” he said when asked which aspect of the package he was most pleased with.
“What happened today would have been unthinkable four months ago,” he added.
Ahead of the full communique, the Italian presidency released a summary of the deal, under headings such as “the fight against climate change,” “clean energy,” “climate financing, “research and development,” and “smart cities.”
It referred to a 2009 accord that developed nations should together contribute $100 billion each year by 2020 in climate finance to poorer countries, many of which are grappling with rising seas, storms, and droughts made worse by climate change. That target has yet to be met.
Nonetheless, the Italian presidency summary said the pledge “remains central,” and there was “a commitment to increase contributions every year until 2025”.You may read an opinion about how Arab states are accelerating climate action in the run-up to COP26 here.
